The Republic of North Ossetia–Alania (Russian: Республика Северная Осетия — Алания, tr. Respublika Severnaya Osetiya — Alaniya; IPA: [rʲɪˈspʊblʲɪkə ˈsʲevʲɪrnəjə ɐˈsʲetʲɪjə ɐˈlanʲɪjə]; Ossetic: Республикæ Цæгат Ирыстон — Алани, Respublikæ Tsægat Iryston-Alani listen (help·info)) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). Its capital is the city of Vladikavkaz. Its population according to the 2010 Census was 712,980.
In the last years of the Soviet Union, as nationalist movements swept throughout the Caucasus, many intellectuals in the North Ossetian ASSR called for the revival of the name of Alania, a medieval kingdom of the Alans, ancestors of the modern-day Ossetians. The term of "Alania" quickly became popular in Ossetian daily life through the names of various enterprises, a TV channel, political and civic organizations, publishing house, soccer team, etc. In November 1994, the name of "Alania" was officially added to the republican title (Republic of North Ossetia–Alania).
The territory of North Ossetia was first inhabited by Caucasian tribes. Some Nomadic Alans settled in the region in the 7th century, forming the kingdom of Alania. It was converted to Christianity by missionaries from Byzantium. Alania greatly profited from the Silk Road which passed through its territory.
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